{"id":880,"date":"2010-03-08T01:07:35","date_gmt":"2010-03-07T23:07:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/matematicas.jesussoto.es\/?p=880"},"modified":"2010-03-08T01:07:35","modified_gmt":"2010-03-07T23:07:35","slug":"la-formula-de-de-moivre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/?p=880","title":{"rendered":"La f\u00f3rmula de De Moivre"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1b\/Abraham_de_moivre.jpg\/471px-Abraham_de_moivre.jpg\" style=\"width: 312px; height: 397px;\" alt=\"\" \/> Repasando tareas y respuestas de mis alumnos, he vuelto a recordar la vieja relaci&oacute;n entre Abraham De Moivre y Euler. Hoy se suele demostrar la f&oacute;rmula de De Moivre utilizando la f&oacute;rmula de Euler; sin embargo, cronol&oacute;gicamente no fue as&iacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Euler conoc&iacute;a $ (\\cos(\\theta)\\pm i \\sin(\\theta))^n=\\cos(n\\theta)\\pm i \\sin(n\\theta)$, de hecho De Moivre la escribi&oacute; antes de final del XVII. De dicha f&oacute;rmula fue donde Euler obtuvo una f&oacute;rmula para el coseno<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">$ \\cos(n\\theta)=\\frac{(\\cos(\\theta)+ i \\sin(\\theta))^n+(\\cos(\\theta)- i \\sin(\\theta))^n}{2}$<\/p>\n<p>y otra para el seno<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">$ \\sin(n\\theta)=\\frac{(\\cos(\\theta)+ i \\sin(\\theta))^n-(\\cos(\\theta)- i \\sin(\\theta))^n}{2i}$<\/p>\n<p>A continuaci&oacute;n tom&oacute; &theta; como infinitesimal y <em>n<\/em> como infinitamente grande. Dedujo que las relaciones entre &theta; y <em>n<\/em> son tales que su producto es finito, &theta;<em>n<\/em>&rarr;&nu;, y a&ntilde;adiendo que<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">$ \\cos(\\theta)\\rightarrow 1,\\quad \\sin(\\theta)\\rightarrow \\theta=\\frac{\\nu}{n},$<\/p>\n<p>resuelve que<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">$ \\cos(\\nu)=\\frac{e^{i\\nu}+e^{-i\\nu}}{2},\\quad \\sin(\\nu)=\\frac{e^{i\\nu}-e^{-i\\nu}}{2i}.$<\/p>\n<p>Y de aqu&iacute; a la f&oacute;rmula de Euler en un plis-plas.<\/p>\n<p>He incluido esta entrada como aportaci&oacute;n a la segunda edici&oacute;n del <a style=\"color: rgb(34, 68, 187);\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/carnavaldematematicas.ning.com\/\">Carnaval de matem&aacute;ticas<\/a> organizada por <a style=\"color: rgb(34, 68, 187);\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/demairena.blogspot.com\/\">Juan Pablo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Enlaces de inter&eacute;s<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%B3rmula_de_Euler\">F&oacute;rmula de Euler<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%B3rmula_de_Moivre\">F&oacute;rmula de De Moivre<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Repasando tareas y respuestas de mis alumnos, he vuelto a recordar la vieja relaci&oacute;n entre Abraham De Moivre y Euler. Hoy se suele demostrar la f&oacute;rmula de De Moivre utilizando la f&oacute;rmula de Euler; sin embargo, cronol&oacute;gicamente no fue as&iacute;. Euler conoc&iacute;a $ (\\cos(\\theta)\\pm i \\sin(\\theta))^n=\\cos(n\\theta)\\pm i \\sin(n\\theta)$, de hecho De Moivre la escribi&oacute; antes&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/?p=880\">Seguir leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">La f\u00f3rmula de De Moivre<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[132,262],"class_list":["post-880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historia","tag-euler","tag-moivre","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=880"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/880\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pimedios.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}